In the past 10 months of the current fiscal year (FY 2022/23), Nepal has witnessed a concerning trend: over 660,000 Nepalis leaving the country in search of overseas employment opportunities. The number does not include those leaving the country as students, with many of them choosing to settle in other countries. While the pandemic initially slowed down the outflow of Nepali workers, the numbers are once again on track to set a new record this year, despite a recent gradual decrease. The demand for labor from abroad remains substantial. During the Nepali month of Baisakh alone (mid-April to mid-May), 54,457 young people acquired work permits for overseas employment. In the preceding month of Chaitra, a total of 61,478 Nepali youths received approval to work abroad. This surge in outbound migration, either as migrant workers or as students, is a worrisome sign for the country's development.
These figures reflect the increasing inclination of the younger generation to seek opportunities outside their home country. If we take into account the short-term gain, this may be a positive development. The country is receiving the much-needed remittance to keep the economy afloat, although there are concerns that the money is not enabling us to import goods that we are in need of. However, this is set to bring a series of adverse impacts on the country’s economy in the long-run. In fact, there are already growing concerns of brain drain and outbound migration of much-needed workforce in the country. The situation has worsened significantly for Nepal, an agrarian country, as it imported agricultural products worth over Rs 300 billion in 2021/22, which is a 30 percent increase compared to the previous year. Furthermore, the import of basic agricultural products is expected to rise even further. It is therefore crucial that the government takes immediate action to tap into the potential of its youths and create a conducive environment to retain them in the country itself either through employment opportunities or through quality education.
The government must put emphasis on creating avenues for employment within Nepal itself. It is time for the government to prioritize initiatives that generate job opportunities and foster economic growth domestically. By investing in sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, tourism, technology, and infrastructure, the government can harness the potential of Nepali youths and prevent their migration in search of greener pastures. Sustainable and inclusive development can only be achieved when the talent and energy of the nation's youths are utilized effectively. The government should collaborate with various stakeholders, including the private sector, to establish skill development programs, vocational training centers, and entrepreneurship initiatives. By equipping young people with the necessary skills and knowledge, they will be better prepared to contribute to the nation's progress.
Additionally, the government should create a favorable environment for investment and business development. Simplified regulations, tax incentives, and access to finance are essential factors that attract both domestic and foreign investment. By encouraging entrepreneurship and supporting small and medium-sized enterprises, the government can stimulate job creation and economic growth within the country. Furthermore, education and research institutions must align their programs with the needs of the job market. This will ensure that graduates are equipped with relevant skills and knowledge that are in demand, reducing the gap between education and employment. It is imperative for the government to prioritize the well-being and development of its citizens, particularly the youths. By implementing policies that foster economic growth, create employment opportunities, and promote entrepreneurship, the government can address the increasing trend of Nepali youth seeking opportunities abroad. As the government is preparing to unveil a budget for the fiscal year 2023/24, we look forward to seeing the government introducing measures to tap into the immense potential of our youths and build a prosperous future for Nepal.